The shift from metal-ceramic (PFM) to all-ceramic restorations represents one of the most significant material transitions in restorative dentistry over the past two decades. In the United States, all-ceramic crowns now account for over 65% of single-unit posterior restorations according to the 2023

For over a century, the dominant paradigm in caries management has been surgical: identify cavitated lesions, remove carious tissue with rotary instruments, and restore the tooth with a synthetic material. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) — a colorless alkaline solution containing silver (25% w/v), flu

Regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) represent a paradigm shift in the management of immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulps. For decades, the standard of care for these teeth — typically resulting from trauma or dens evaginatus in children and adolescents aged 7–16 years — was apexificati

The use of autologous blood-derived products to enhance wound healing and tissue regeneration has been a focus of surgical research for over four decades. The first-generation product, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), was introduced in the 1970s and gained popularity in the 1990s for its ability to deliv

These prevalence figures have significant clinical implications. A general dental practice with 500 implant patients can expect approximately 95 patients to develop peri-implantitis requiring intervention. Unlike periodontitis around natural teeth, peri-implantitis presents unique challenges: the ab

Dental implantology has undergone a fundamental shift in treatment philosophy over the past two decades. The original Branemark protocol, established in the 1970s, mandated extraction socket healing for 6 to 12 months before implant placement, followed by an additional 3 to 6 months of submerged hea

Esthetic dentistry has historically relied on analog diagnostic tools: mounted study casts on semi-adjustable articulators, two-dimensional facial photographs, manual wax-ups, and diagnostic mock-ups fabricated by the dentist or laboratory technician. While these methods have produced excellent resu

This article provides a comprehensive review of dental sleep medicine and OAT, covering diagnostic pathways, MAD appliance design categories, clinical efficacy benchmarks, side effect management, the critical role of physician-dentist collaboration, and the emerging role of digital workflows and rem

Dental radiography generates an enormous volume of diagnostic images annually: bitewings, periapicals, panoramic radiographs, and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. In the United States alone, an estimated 500 million dental radiographs are taken each year, according to a 2023 analysis by t

Additive manufacturing has moved from the margins to the core of modern dentistry, reshaping how crowns, surgical guides, dentures, aligners, and models are produced. According to a 2023 market analysis by Grand View Research, the global dental 3D printing market was valued at $3.1 billion and is pr

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), also known as tic douloureux, is a chronic orofacial pain disorder characterized by recurrent, unilateral, brief, electric shock-like pain in the distribution of one or more divisions of the trigeminal nerve. It is widely regarded as one of the most severe pain conditions

Tooth whitening has become one of the most sought-after elective dental procedures worldwide. With increasing emphasis on facial aesthetics, a bright, white smile is now widely perceived as a marker of health, youth, and social confidence. This article provides a comprehensive review of contemporary

The edentulous posterior maxilla presents unique challenges for implant rehabilitation due to the pneumatization of the maxillary sinus and the progressive resorption of the alveolar ridge following tooth loss. Sinus floor elevation, or sinus lift surgery, is a predictable and well-documented surgic

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive therapeutic modality that combines a photosensitizing agent, light of a specific wavelength, and molecular oxygen to produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species. Originally developed for oncological applications, PDT has been increasingly adopted in d

The introduction of temporary anchorage devices (TADs) has fundamentally transformed orthodontic treatment by providing skeletal anchorage that is independent of patient compliance. TADs, also known as mini-implants or miniscrews, enable tooth movements that were previously impossible or required co

Dental caries remains one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide, disproportionately affecting children, elderly populations, and communities with limited access to conventional restorative care. The traditional restorative approach requires expensive equipment, cooperative patients, and m

Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), a second-generation platelet concentrate, has emerged as one of the most widely adopted autologous biomaterials in contemporary dentistry and oral surgery. Developed by Dr. Joseph Choukroun and colleagues in France in 2001, PRF represents a conceptual evolution from first

The transition from conventional to digital impressions represents one of the most significant technological shifts in contemporary dentistry. Intraoral scanners (IOS) have evolved from experimental prototypes in the 1980s to sophisticated clinical instruments that now rival and, in several key metr

Gingival recession, defined as the apical migration of the gingival margin beyond the cementoenamel junction with exposure of the root surface, is a prevalent condition affecting a substantial proportion of the adult population. Epidemiological studies report that approximately 50% of adults exhibit

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has revolutionized endodontic diagnosis and treatment planning by providing three-dimensional imaging that overcomes the inherent limitations of conventional periapical radiography. While two-dimensional radiographs remain the first-line imaging modality for endo

Traumatic dental injuries constitute a significant public health problem, particularly among children and adolescents, with approximately one-third of individuals experiencing a dental trauma before adulthood. The International Association of Dental Traumatology periodically updates evidence-based guidelines for the management of these injuries. This article synthesizes the current IADT recommendations, covering crown fractures, luxation injuries, root fractures, and avulsion, and discusses emergency management protocols, splinting techniques, follow-up regimens, and factors influencing long-term prognosis.